ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF RUBUS ELLIPTICUS AGAINST COLON CANCER CELLS HCT-116
Main Article Content
Rohid Rasheed
This study explores the historical significance, pharmacological potential, and therapeutic efficacy of medicinal plants in treating chronic diseases and cancer. Leveraging traditional knowledge and modern scientific approaches, we investigate a variety of medicinal plants, including Achyranthes aspera, Moringa oleifera, and Rubus ellipticus, to elucidate their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. Comprehensive phytochemical screenings reveal diverse bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which contribute to their therapeutic actions. The study also delves into the molecular mechanisms underpinning the anticancer activities of these plants, highlighting their roles in modulating immune responses and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, the research underscores the significance of integrative oncology, emphasizing the need for combining conventional treatments with herbal medicine to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce side effects. The findings advocate for the conservation of medicinal plant biodiversity and suggest avenues for future research to validate and expand the use of these natural resources in modern medicine. This holistic approach aims to bridge the gap between traditional practices and contemporary medical science, fostering the development of novel, effective, and sustainable therapeutic options for global health challenges.
• Anubha, C., Sandeep, G., & Mohanlal, J. (2017). Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 4, 324-328.
• A., Khan Chakravarthy L., Bensler, N. P., Bose, P., & De Carvalho, D. D. (2018). TGF-β-associated extracellular matrix genes link cancer-associated fibroblasts to immune evasion and immunotherapy failure. Nature Communications, 9(1), 4692.
• Abi Beaulah, G., Mohamed Sadiq, A., & Jaya Santhi, R. (2011). Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Achyranthes aspera: An in vitro study. Annals of Biological Research, 2(5), 662-667.
• Aggarwal, B. B., Sundaram, C., Prasad, S., & Kannappan, R. (2010). Tocotrienols, the vitamin E of the 21st century: its potential against cancer and other chronic diseases. Biochemical Pharmacology, 80(11), 1613-1631.
• Al-Snafi, A. E. (2017). Medicinal plants possessed antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects (part 3)-A review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 7(4), 48-62.
• Anonymous (2004). The Wealth of India. New Delhi, India: NISCAIR & CSIR, 5: 29-30.
• Balkhi, B., Alqahtani, S., Altayyar, W., Ghawaa, Y., Alqahtani, Z., Alsaleh, K., & Asiri, Y. (2020). Drug utilization and expenditure of anticancer drugs for breast cancer. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 28(6), 669-674.
• Ballabh, B., Chaurasia, O.P., Ahmed, Z., & Singh, S. B. (2008). Traditional medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh-Used against kidney and urinary disorders. Food Chemistry, 118, 331-339.
• Blois, M. S. (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181(4617), 1199-1200.
• Bhakuni, R. S., Shukla, Y. N., & Thakur, R. S. (1987). Chemical examination of the roots of Rubus ellipticus. Indian Drugs, 24, 272.
• Chatterjee, S., Daenthanasanmak, A., Chakraborty, P., Wyatt, M. W., Dhar, P., Selvam, S. P., & Mehrotra, S. (2018). CD38-NAD+ axis regulates immunotherapeutic anti-tumor T cell response. Cell Metabolism, 27(1), 85-100.
• Chevallier, A. (2001). Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. Dorling Kindersley Limited.
• Chatterjee, A., Pal, A., & Paul, S. (2022). A novel compound plumercine from Plumeria alba exhibits promising anti-leukemic efficacies against B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nutrition and Cancer, 74(7), 2565-2580.
• Campbell, J. N., & Rooney, S. M. (2018). Part One: Alkaloid Heterotopias. A Time-Release History of the Opioid Epidemic, 9-58.
• Delahousse, J., Skarbek, C., & Paci, A. (2019). Prodrugs as drug delivery system in oncology. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 84, 937-958.
• Das, S., Ghosh, A., Upadhyay, P., Sarker, S., Bhattacharjee, M., Gupta, P., & Adhikary, A. (2023). A mechanistic insight into the potential anti-cancerous property of Nigella sativa on breast cancer through micro-RNA regulation: An in vitro & in vivo study. Fitoterapia, 169, 105601.
• Dahiru, D., Onubiyi, J. A., & Umaru, H. A. (2006). Phytochemical screening and antiulcerogenic effect of Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 3(3), 70-75.
• Dhami, N. (2013). Trends in Pharmacognosy: A modern science of natural medicines. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 3(4), 123-131.
• Dhanabal, S. P., Prasanth, S., Ramanathan, M., Elango, K., & Suresh, B. (2000). Validation of antifertility activity of various Rubus species in female albino rats. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 62(1), 58-60.
• Debela, D. T., Muzazu, S. G., Heraro, K. D., Ndalama, M. T., Mesele, B. W., Haile, D. C., & Manyazewal, T. (2021). New approaches and procedures for cancer treatment: Current perspectives. SAGE Open Medicine, 9, 20503121211034366.
• Dovydaitis, E. (2017). Political Ecology of Medicinal Plant Use in Rural Nepal: Globalization, Environmental Degradation, and Cultural Transformation.
• Emens, L. A., & Leone, R. D. (2018). Targeting adenosine for cancer immunotherapy. Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer, 6, 1-9.
• Falzon, C. C., & Balabanova, A. (2017). Phytotherapy: an introduction to herbal medicine. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, 44(2), 217-227.
• Fiore, M., Ford, S., Callegaro, D., Sangalli, C., Colombo, C., Radaelli, S., & Gronchi, A. (2018). Adequate local control in high-risk soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity treated with surgery alone at a reference centre: should radiotherapy still be a standard? Annals of Surgical Oncology, 25, 1536-1543.
• Fennell, C. W., Lindsey, K. L., McGaw, L. J., Sparg, S. G., Stafford, G. I., Elgorashi, E. E., & Van Staden, J. (2004). Assessing African medicinal plants for efficacy and safety: pharmacological screening and toxicology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 94(2-3), 205-217.
• Ferlay, J., Arbyn, M., Weiderpass, E., Bruni, L., de Sanjosé, S., Saraiya, M., & Bray, F. (2020). Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 8(2), e191-e203.
• Firenzuoli, F., & Gori, L. (2007). Herbal medicine today: clinical and research issues. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 4, 37-40.
• George, A. J., Bhatia, P., Sharma, A., Anvitha, D., Kumar, P., Dwivedi, V. P., & Chandra, N. S. (2021). Antibacterial activity of medicinal plants against ESKAPE: An update. Heliyon, 7(2).
• Goel, A., Kunnumakkara, A. B., & Aggarwal, B. B. (2008). Curcumin as “Curecumin”: from kitchen to clinic. Biochemical Pharmacology, 75(4), 787-809.
• Ghoshal, G., Hassan, M. R., Islam, M. F., Uddin, M. Z., Hassan, M. M., Huda, S., & Fortino, G. (2022). Prostate cancer classification from ultrasound and MRI images using deep learning based Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Future Generation Computer Systems, 127, 462-472.
• Gurib-Fakim, A. (2006). Medicinal plants: traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 27(1), 1-93.
• Hamilton, A. C. (2004). Medicinal plants, conservation and livelihoods. Biodiversity & Conservation, 13, 1477-1517.
• Haq, F. U., Imran, M., Saleem, S., Rafi, A., & Jamal, M. (2023). Investigation of Three Morchella Species for Anticancer Activity Against Colon Cancer Cell Lines by UPLC-MS-Based Chemical Analysis. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 195(1), 486-504.