FORMULATION AND ACTIVITY TESTING OF AN ANTI-ACNE MICELLAR WATER FORMULATION CONTAINING BINAHONG LEAF EXTRACT (ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA TEN) AGAINST PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

Sintia Nurmala; Kartika Sari

doi:10.59733/medalion.v7i2.330

Authors

Sintia Nurmala Tarumanagara Institute's Undergraduate Program in Pharmacy
Kartika Sari Tarumanagara Institute's Undergraduate Program in Pharmacy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59733/medalion.v7i2.330

Keywords:

Micellar water, binahong leaves, acne, propionibacterium acnes.

Abstract

Acne (Acne vulgaris) is a chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous glands caused by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and is a common skin problem, especially in adolescents with a prevalence of up to 85%. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia) are known to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids that have antibacterial potential. This study aims to formulate micellar water preparations from binahong leaf ethanol extract as an anti-acne facial cleanser and to evaluate its physical, chemical characteristics and antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. This study used a laboratory experimental method. Binahong leaf extract was obtained through a maceration method using 70% ethanol with a yield of 16.4%. Micellar water preparations were formulated in three variations of extract concentrations, namely 1%, 3% and 5%. Evaluation of the preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, cleaning power, stability using the cycling test method and antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method with clindamycin as a positive control. The results of the study showed that binahong leaf extract positively contained flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. All micellar water preparation formulas had good physical and chemical characteristics, were homogeneous, stable during testing, and had a pH that matched the physiological pH of facial skin. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that preparations F1, F2 and F3 had antibacterial activity in the strong category with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.35 ± 1.11 mm; 11.97 ± 2.40 mm; and 12.92 ± 0.56 mm. Based on the results of the study, the formula with a 5% extract concentration showed the best antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Achmad, M. N., Masengi, A. S. R., Posangi, J., Fatimawali, & Mambo, C. D. (2024). Skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap Streptococcus mutans dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Bios Logos, 14(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.35799/jbl.v14i3.54394

Anggi Prantika, S., & Susanti, D. (2024a). Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acnes. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi, 15(1).

Ananda, N. C. R., Sulaiman, S., & Suwarmi. (2017). Pengaruh peningkatan Tween 20 sebagai surfaktan terhadap karakteristik dan kestabilan fisik sediaan self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) simvastatin. Media Farmasi Indonesia, 10(2), 940–948.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). Sage Publications.

Dzakwan, M. (2020). Formulasi micellar based water ekstrak bunga telang. Parapemikir: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 9(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.30591/pjif.v9i2.2043

Emzir. (2023). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan: Kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Rajawali Pers.

Gede, I. P., Purwa Hita, A., Eka Arimbawa, P., & Windydaca Bp, D. (2020). Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 9(2), 49–54.

Halim, M., Tuahuns, F., & Rianto, L. (2023). Pengaruh demografi usia remaja terhadap pengetahuan swamedikasi jerawat. Majalah Farmaseutik, 19(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v19i1.81856

Hammill, K., & Vaillancourt, M. (2023). Acne vulgaris and psychosocial impact among adolescents and young adults. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 34(2), 1–8.

Heng, A. H. S., & Chew, F. T. (2020). Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 5754. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62715-3

Layton, A. M., Thiboutot, D., & Tan, J. (2021). Reviewing the global burden of acne: How could we improve care to reduce the burden? British Journal of Dermatology, 184(2), 219–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19477

Mora, D. M. (2021). Formulasi sediaan cleansing water kombinasi ekstrak kulit buah apel hijau (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) dan teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) dengan variasi konsentrasi PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate sebagai surfaktan [Skripsi, Universitas Pakuan].

Mora, D. M. (2024). Evaluasi fisik dan stabilitas sediaan micellar water berbahan alam. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 21(1), 45–53.

N. R. Putri, Agustin, D., & Ningrum, R. F. (2024). Formulasi sediaan cair micellar water dari ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) menggunakan variasi konsentrasi surfaktan poloxamer 188. Jurnal Akademi Farmasi Prayoga, 6(2), 33–46.

Nabillah, A.-Z., & Chatri, M. (2024). Peranan senyawa metabolit sekunder untuk pengendalian penyakit pada tanaman. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(1), 15900–15911.

Narulita, W., Sri Anggoro, B., Novitasari, A., & Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung. (2019). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun binahong terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi, 10(1), 67–78. http://ejournal.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/biosfer/index

Ngete, A. F., & Harti, A. S. (2025). Uji antioksidan formula sediaan micellar water ekstrak bunga kertas (Bougainvillea glabra Var). Journal of Innovative and Creativity, 5(2), 10828–10833.

Noviyanty, Y., Febrianti, R., et al. (2022). Fraksinasi dan skrining fraksi ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Jurnal Ilmiah Pharmacy, 9(2).

Rachmadani, N., Nurlaila, N., & Harismah, K. (2022). Evaluasi pH sediaan kosmetik dan keamanan terhadap kulit wajah. Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis, 8(1), 22–28.

Roy, U. K., Nielsen, B. V., & Milledge, J. J. (2021). Antioxidant production in Dunaliella. Applied Sciences, 11(9), 3959. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11093959

Sasebohe, V. Y., Prakasita, V. C., & Aditiyarini, D. (2023). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun binahong terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Propionibacterium acnes penyebab jerawat. Sciscitatio, 4(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21460/sciscitatio.2023.41.107

Sudaryono. (2022). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan mix method (2nd ed.). Rajawali Pers.

Sugiyono. (2022). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Taale, E., et al. (2023). Development and evaluation of herbal micellar water formulations for sensitive skin. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 45(3), 201–210.

Waris, M., & Indarto, I. (2023). Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun binahong terhadap Propionibacterium acnes berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak. Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan, 12(2), 88–96.

Yericho, M., Audina, M., Rizali, M., & Sari, U. (2023). Formulasi dan uji stabilitas fisik micellar water ekstrak etanol daun pegagan (Centella asiatica). Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 18(2), 77–85.

Zhu, T., et al. (2025). Advances in acne vulgaris pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Dermatology Reports, 17(1), 1–12.