FACTORS INFLUENCING THE OCCURRENCE OF ISPA IN TODDLER IN THE WORK AREA OF THE KAMPALA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER UPTD, SINJAI REGENCY IN 2026

Alfiah; Kamrianti Ramli

Authors

Alfiah Prodi D3 kebidanan, Akademi kebidanan Mega Buana
Kamrianti Ramli

Keywords:

Apium Graveolens, Complementary Therapy, Elderly, Hypertension, Blood Pressure

Abstract

ISPA is a respiratory disorder caused by infectious pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi, and parasites that can be transmitted through droplets of fluids. ARI is one of the diseases that contributes to the highest morbidity and mortality rates in toddlers. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence the incidence of ISPA in toddlers in the Kampala Community Health Center work area of Sinjai Regency in 2025 based on cigarette smoke exposure and immunization status. This research method uses an observational analytical quantitative research method with a cross-sectional study approach. The sample in this study were all mothers who had children aged 12-59 months who experienced ISPA as many as 31 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The collected data was processed and analyzed using the SPSS program and analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results of the study were that there was a significant relationship between exposure to cigarette smoke and the incidence of ISPA in toddlers (p-value = 0.00 OR 12.667) and there was a relationship between immunization status and the incidence of ISPA in toddlers with a total value (p-value = 0.045, OR 9.600) in the Work Area of the Kampala Health Center UPTD, Sinjai Regency in 2025. The high incidence of ARI was influenced by several factors such as exposure to cigarette smoke and immunization status in toddlers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adriana.Kefin (2024).(https://www.alodokter.com/ispa)

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Thematic analysis: A practical guide (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781529611896

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2023). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071877804

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2023). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071877804

D. Lazamidarmi, R. J. Sitorus, and H. Listiono, “Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita,” J. Ilm. Univ. Batanghari Jambi, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 299, Feb. 2021.

H. Yeni, H. Khatimatun Inayah, F. Kesehatan Masyarakat, U. Islam Kalimantan MAB Banjarmasin Jl Adhyaksa, K. Banjarmasin, and K. Selatan Indonesia, “Hubungan Status Imunisasi Dan Kebiasaan Merokok Anggota Keluarga Dengan Kejadian Ispa Pada Balita Diwilayah Kerja Klinik Basecamp Pt Kideco Kecamatan Batu Sopang,” An-Nadaa J. Kesehat. Masy., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 84–89, Jun. 2022.

Kemenkes(2026)‘Bayi dan Balita < 5 Tahun’ https://ayosehat.kemkes.go.id/kategori-usia/bayi-dan-balita

Kemenkes. (2022). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. https://kemkes.go.id/id/indonesia-health-profile-2022

Kemenkes. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia.

Lazamidarmi, D., Sitorus, R. J., & Listiono, H. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 299. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.11 63

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2024). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (5th ed.). Jossey-Bass. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119905079

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2024). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071877026

Rafael, B. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Penyakit Pneumonia Pada Balita Di Kelurahan Tarus Kecamatan Kupang Tengah Kabupaten Kupang Tahun 2022.

Reku, R. R. C. (2023). Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Ispa Pada Anak Usia 5-11 Tahun Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Naibonat. Sartika, M. (2020). Hubungan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah Dan Status Imunisasi Lengkap Terhadap Kejadian ISPA Pada Balita. Cendekia Medika: Jurnal Stikes Al-Maarif Baturaja, 5(2), 134–138.

Riana.shinta. (2022). ISPA pada balita. https://herminahospitals.com/id/articles/ispa-pada-anak-balita)

Salsabilla, L. (2023) ‘Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Perilaku Ibu Tentang Terapi Komplementer SebagaiUpayaPenangananIspaPadaBalitaDiDesaTemurosoDemak(DoctoralDissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang’.

Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2023). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 35(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzac064

WHO. (2023). Acute Respiratory Infections in Children: Prevention and Treatment Guidelines. World Health Organization.

World Health Organization. (2023). Acute respiratory infections in children: Risk factors and prevention strategies. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications

World Health Organization. (2024). Ethical standards and procedures for research with human participants. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/ethics

Y. Nshimiyimana and Y. Zhou, “Analysis of risk factors associated with acute respiratory infections among under-five children in Uganda,” BMC Public Heal. 2022 221, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 1209-, Jun. 2022.

Yin, R. K. (2023). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (7th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071854031

Z. J. Li et al., “Etiological and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections in China,” Nat. Commun. 2021 121, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 5026-, Aug. 2021. . (Li et al,2021)